JSON 配置
JSON 配置适合现场交付：端口号、从站地址、点表和采集间隔放在文件里，现场人员改配置，不需要重新编译程序。
最小配置文件
zeus.json：
{
"$schema": "https://docs.greekmythology.cn/schemas/zeus.json",
"acquisition": {
"intervalMilliseconds": 500,
"pollImmediately": true
},
"channels": [
{
"name": "bus",
"type": "serial",
"options": {
"portName": "COM3",
"baudRate": 9600
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "oven",
"channel": "bus",
"type": "modbus-rtu",
"options": {
"unitId": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"table": "holding",
"address": 0,
"scale": 0.1,
"lowAlarmLimit": 10,
"highAlarmLimit": 80
}
},
{
"name": "setpoint",
"options": {
"table": "holding",
"address": 1,
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
}
]
}
]
}
程序里读取：
await using var app = ZeusHost.Create(builder => builder.AddJsonFile("zeus.json"));
await app.StartAsync();
var temperature = app.Points.Get<double>("temperature");
配置文件怎么读
文件头建议保留 $schema，VS / VS Code 会据此补全通道类型、设备类型、点字段以及常见枚举值。schema 地址是：
"$schema": "https://docs.greekmythology.cn/schemas/zeus.json"
| 区域 | 含义 |
|---|---|
acquisition | 采集间隔和是否启动后立刻采集 |
reconnect | 通道故障后的自动重连、退避、抖动、最大尝试次数和熔断等待 |
channels | 通信线路，例如串口、TCP、UDP、虚拟通道 |
devices | 设备，例如 Modbus RTU / TCP / ASCII、Mitsubishi MC、Siemens S7、Omron FINS、Omron Host Link、Panasonic MEWTOCOL、EtherNet/IP、DL/T 645、IEC104、MQTT 或 SNMP 设备 |
points | 设备上的业务点，例如温度、设定值、加热输出 |
设备里的 channel 必须引用已经在 channels 中声明过的通道名。
从当前配置格式开始，通道、设备和点位根层只放结构字段；串口参数、协议参数、地址、缩放、写回、报警限等都放进各自的 options。旧写法例如在点根层直接写 address / writable，或在通道根层直接写 host / portName，会在装载时失败。
没硬件时用虚拟配置
把串口通道换成虚拟 Modbus 从站：
{
"name": "bus",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "modbus",
"unitId": 1,
"transport": "rtu"
}
}
options.transport 可设为 rtu、tcp 或 ascii，用于匹配主站封装。这样可以先验证点表、采集和界面绑定。接真实设备时再改回：
{
"name": "bus",
"type": "serial",
"options": {
"portName": "COM3",
"baudRate": 9600
}
}
通道字段
| 根字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
name | Zeus 通道名，例如 bus |
type | virtual / serial / tcp / tcp-server / udp / udp-server |
startup | 启动失败策略：required 为默认值，通道打开失败时宿主启动失败；optional / degraded 允许宿主先启动，故障通道交给自动重连恢复 |
options | 通道参数和虚拟从站参数。核心配置保留该对象，并把它纳入热更新指纹 |
常用 channels[].options：
| options 字段 | 适用类型 | 含义 |
|---|---|---|
portName / baudRate | serial | Windows COM 口与波特率。校验位、数据位、停止位请用代码 AddSerialPort(name, options => …) 设置 |
host / port | tcp / udp | 对端 IP 或主机名与端口 |
localAddress / localPort | tcp-server / udp-server | 本地监听地址与端口；udp 可用 localPort 指定本地绑定端口，0 表示自动分配 |
responder | virtual | modbus / mc / s7 / fins / host-link / mewtocol / ethernet-ip / dlt645 / iec104 / mqtt / opcua / snmp |
transport | virtual | 虚拟 Modbus 从站可选 rtu / tcp / ascii；虚拟 FINS 从站可选 udp / tcp |
meterAddress | virtual + dlt645 | DL/T 645 虚拟表计地址，12 位十进制字符串 |
commonAddress | virtual + iec104 | IEC104 虚拟站公共地址，默认 1 |
snmpCommunity / snmpWriteCommunity | virtual + snmp | SNMP 虚拟 Agent 的读写 community，省略写 community 时沿用读 community |
opcUaUsername / opcUaPassword | virtual + opcua | OPC UA 虚拟 Server 的可选用户名密码；省略时接受匿名登录 |
设备字段
| 根字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
name | Zeus 设备名，例如 oven |
channel | 要使用的通道名，例如 bus |
type | modbus-rtu / modbus-tcp / modbus-ascii / mitsubishi-mc / siemens-s7 / omron-fins / omron-host-link / panasonic-mewtocol / ethernet-ip / dlt645 / iec104 / mqtt / opcua / snmp |
options | 协议参数。核心配置保留并纳入设备热更新指纹 |
points | 要周期采集的点 |
常用 devices[].options：
| options 字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
transport | FINS 线上封装，udp / tcp，默认 udp |
unitId | Modbus 从站地址或 TCP 单元标识；Host Link 使用 0-31 单元号；MEWTOCOL 使用 1-99 站号 |
frameType / encoding | MC 帧类型与编码 |
| MC 路由字段 | networkNumber / pcNumber / ioNumber / stationNumber / monitoringTimer / serialNumber |
rack / slot / localTsap / remoteTsap / requestedPduLength | S7 连接参数 |
| FINS 路由字段 | destinationNetwork / destinationNode / destinationUnit / sourceNetwork / sourceNode / sourceUnit / gatewayCount / informationControlField / tcpRequestedClientNode / useTcpNodeAddressHandshake |
wordOrder | FINS / Host Link / MEWTOCOL 32 位值字序，high-word-first / low-word-first |
meterAddress / wakeUpPreambleCount / password / operatorCode | DL/T 645 表地址、唤醒前导和写数据参数 |
commonAddress / originatorAddress / interrogationQualifier | IEC104 公共地址和总召唤参数 |
| MQTT 连接字段 | mqttClientId、认证、保活、Clean Session、遗嘱、最大报文、自动保活和自动重连参数 |
| SNMP 字段 | snmpCommunity / snmpWriteCommunity / snmpInitialRequestId |
| OPC UA 字段 | opcUaEndpointUrl / opcUaApplicationUri / opcUaApplicationName / opcUaSessionName / opcUaRequestedSessionTimeout / opcUaUsername / opcUaPassword / opcUaAutomaticReconnect |
points 会接入周期采集；标为 options.writable: true 的可写点可以通过 app.Points.WriteAsync(...) 按点名下发。
Mitsubishi MC 配置示例
真实 PLC：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "plc-link",
"type": "tcp",
"options": {
"host": "192.168.1.10",
"port": 5000
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "plc-link",
"type": "mitsubishi-mc",
"options": {
"frameType": "4e",
"encoding": "ascii",
"serialNumber": 1,
"networkNumber": 0,
"pcNumber": 255,
"ioNumber": 1023,
"stationNumber": 0,
"monitoringTimer": 16
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "D",
"address": 100,
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "run",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "M",
"address": 10,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "ready",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "X",
"address": "0x10"
}
},
{
"name": "recipe",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "ZR",
"address": 0
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "plc-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "mc"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "plc-link",
"type": "mitsubishi-mc",
"options": {
"frameType": "3e",
"encoding": "binary"
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "D",
"address": 100,
"scale": 0.1
}
},
{
"name": "run",
"options": {
"deviceCode": "M",
"address": 10
}
}
]
}
]
}
Siemens S7 配置示例
真实 PLC：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "plc-link",
"type": "tcp",
"options": {
"host": "192.168.1.10",
"port": 102
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "plc-link",
"type": "siemens-s7",
"options": {
"rack": 0,
"slot": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "db",
"db": 1,
"address": 0,
"dataType": "real"
}
},
{
"name": "setpoint",
"options": {
"area": "db",
"db": 1,
"address": 4,
"dataType": "int",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"area": "m",
"address": 10,
"bit": 0,
"dataType": "bool",
"writable": true
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "plc-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "s7"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "plc-link",
"type": "siemens-s7",
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "db",
"db": 1,
"address": 0,
"dataType": "real"
}
}
]
}
]
}
Omron FINS 配置示例
真实 PLC：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "fins-link",
"type": "udp",
"options": {
"host": "192.168.250.1",
"port": 9600
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "fins-link",
"type": "omron-fins",
"options": {
"transport": "udp",
"sourceNode": 10,
"destinationNode": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"area": "cio",
"address": 10,
"bit": 0,
"dataType": "bit",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "flow",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 120,
"dataType": "real"
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "fins-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "fins",
"transport": "udp"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "fins-link",
"type": "omron-fins",
"options": {
"transport": "udp",
"sourceNode": 10,
"destinationNode": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1
}
}
]
}
]
}
可直接复制的 FINS UDP / TCP 现场配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-fins-udp.json 和 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-fins-tcp.json。
Omron Host Link 配置示例
真实 PLC 串口：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "host-link",
"type": "serial",
"options": {
"portName": "COM3",
"baudRate": 9600
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "host-link",
"type": "omron-host-link",
"options": {
"unitId": 0
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"area": "cio",
"address": 10,
"bit": 0,
"dataType": "bit",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "flow",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 120,
"dataType": "real"
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "host-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "host-link",
"unitId": 0
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "host-link",
"type": "omron-host-link",
"options": {
"unitId": 0
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dm",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1
}
}
]
}
]
}
可直接复制的 Host Link 串口配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-host-link.json。
Panasonic MEWTOCOL 配置示例
真实 PLC 串口：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "mewtocol",
"type": "serial",
"options": {
"portName": "COM3",
"baudRate": 9600
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "mewtocol",
"type": "panasonic-mewtocol",
"options": {
"unitId": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dt",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"area": "r",
"address": 10,
"bit": 0,
"dataType": "bit",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "flow",
"options": {
"area": "dt",
"address": 120,
"dataType": "real"
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "mewtocol",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "mewtocol",
"unitId": 1
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "mewtocol",
"type": "panasonic-mewtocol",
"options": {
"unitId": 1
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"area": "dt",
"address": 100,
"dataType": "word",
"scale": 0.1
}
}
]
}
]
}
可直接复制的 MEWTOCOL 串口配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-mewtocol.json。
Allen-Bradley EtherNet/IP 配置示例
真实 PLC：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "enip-link",
"type": "tcp",
"options": {
"host": "192.168.1.10",
"port": 44818
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "enip-link",
"type": "ethernet-ip",
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"tag": "Temperature",
"dataType": "int",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"tag": "Running",
"dataType": "bool",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "speed",
"options": {
"tag": "Program:Main.Speed",
"dataType": "dint"
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "enip-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "ethernet-ip"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "enip-link",
"type": "ethernet-ip",
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"tag": "Temperature",
"dataType": "int",
"scale": 0.1
}
}
]
}
]
}
默认虚拟 EtherNet/IP PLC 会预置 Temperature、Running 和 Program:Main.Speed 三个演示标签，方便先验证配置、采集和写回链路。
可直接复制的 EtherNet/IP 配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-ethernet-ip.json。
DL/T 645 配置示例
真实电能表串口：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "meter-link",
"type": "serial",
"options": {
"portName": "COM3",
"baudRate": 2400
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "meter",
"channel": "meter-link",
"type": "dlt645",
"options": {
"meterAddress": "000000000001",
"wakeUpPreambleCount": 4
},
"points": [
{
"name": "energy",
"options": {
"address": "0x00000000",
"dataType": "bcd",
"dataLength": 4,
"scale": 0.01
}
},
{
"name": "voltageA",
"options": {
"address": "0x02010100",
"dataType": "bcd",
"dataLength": 2,
"scale": 0.1
}
},
{
"name": "status",
"options": {
"address": "0x04000401",
"dataType": "raw",
"dataLength": 1
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "meter-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "dlt645",
"meterAddress": "000000000001"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "meter",
"channel": "meter-link",
"type": "dlt645",
"options": {
"meterAddress": "000000000001",
"wakeUpPreambleCount": 0
},
"points": [
{
"name": "energy",
"options": {
"address": "0x00000000",
"dataType": "bcd",
"dataLength": 4,
"scale": 0.01
}
}
]
}
]
}
可直接复制的 DL/T 645 配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-dlt645.json。
IEC104 配置示例
真实站端 TCP：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "iec-link",
"type": "tcp",
"options": {
"host": "192.168.1.20",
"port": 2404
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "station",
"channel": "iec-link",
"type": "iec104",
"options": {
"commonAddress": 7
},
"points": [
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"address": 1,
"dataType": "single-point",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"address": 100,
"dataType": "scaled",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "pressure",
"options": {
"address": 200,
"dataType": "short-float"
}
}
]
}
]
}
无硬件联调：
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "iec-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "iec104",
"commonAddress": 7
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "station",
"channel": "iec-link",
"type": "iec104",
"options": {
"commonAddress": 7
},
"points": [
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"address": 1,
"dataType": "single-point",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"address": 100,
"dataType": "scaled",
"scale": 0.1,
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "pressure",
"options": {
"address": 200,
"dataType": "short-float"
}
}
]
}
]
}
IEC104 点的 address 表示三字节 IOA；single-point 使用单点命令写回，normalized / scaled / short-float 使用对应设点命令写回。
可直接复制的 IEC104 配置样例位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-iec104.json。
MQTT 配置示例
{
"acquisition": {
"intervalMilliseconds": 500,
"pollImmediately": true
},
"channels": [
{
"name": "mqtt-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "mqtt"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "gateway",
"channel": "mqtt-link",
"type": "mqtt",
"options": {
"mqttClientId": "zeus-gateway",
"mqttKeepAliveSeconds": 60
},
"points": [
{
"name": "temperature",
"options": {
"topic": "factory/temperature",
"dataType": "double",
"mqttQos": "1",
"mqttRetain": true
}
},
{
"name": "running",
"options": {
"topic": "factory/running",
"dataType": "boolean"
}
},
{
"name": "setpoint",
"options": {
"topic": "factory/setpoint",
"dataType": "double",
"writable": true
}
}
]
}
]
}
接真实 Broker 时把虚拟通道改为 TCP 通道，例如 { "name": "mqtt-link", "type": "tcp", "options": { "host": "192.168.1.20", "port": 1883 } }。完整说明见 MQTT。
SNMP 配置示例
{
"acquisition": {
"intervalMilliseconds": 500,
"pollImmediately": true
},
"channels": [
{
"name": "snmp-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "snmp"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "agent",
"channel": "snmp-link",
"type": "snmp",
"options": {
"snmpCommunity": "public"
},
"points": [
{
"name": "sysName",
"options": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0",
"dataType": "text",
"writable": true
}
},
{
"name": "sysUpTime",
"options": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0",
"dataType": "timeticks",
"scale": 0.01
}
}
]
}
]
}
接真实 Agent 时把虚拟通道改为 UDP 通道，例如 { "name": "snmp-link", "type": "udp", "options": { "host": "192.168.1.20", "port": 161 } }。完整说明见 SNMP。示例文件位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-snmp.json。
OPC UA 配置示例
{
"channels": [
{
"name": "opcua-link",
"type": "virtual",
"options": {
"responder": "opcua"
}
}
],
"devices": [
{
"name": "plc",
"channel": "opcua-link",
"type": "opcua",
"options": {
"opcUaSessionName": "zeus-hmi"
},
"points": [
{
"name": "serverName",
"options": {
"nodeId": "ns=2;s=ServerName",
"dataType": "string",
"writable": true
}
}
]
}
]
}
接真实 Server 时把虚拟通道改为 TCP 通道，例如 { "name": "opcua-link", "type": "tcp", "options": { "host": "192.168.1.20", "port": 4840 } }。完整说明见 OPC UA。示例文件位于 samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config/zeus-opcua.json。
点字段
| 根字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
name | 点名，例如 temperature |
options | 点位地址、类型、缩放、报警和写回参数。核心配置保留该对象，并把它纳入点表指纹 |
常用 points[].options：
| options 字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
topic | MQTT 主题；省略时使用点名，不能包含 + 或 # |
oid | SNMP OID，例如 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0；实例变量通常需要 .0 后缀 |
nodeId | OPC UA NodeId，例如 ns=2;s=Temperature 或 i=2258 |
mqttQos / mqttRetain | MQTT 点的订阅/写回 QoS，以及写回是否作为保留消息 |
tag | EtherNet/IP 标签名；省略时使用 name 作为标签名 |
table | Modbus 数据区：holding / input / coil / discrete |
deviceCode | Mitsubishi MC 软元件：D / M / X / Y / W / R / ZR |
area | Siemens S7 存储区：db / m / i / q；FINS 存储区：cio / wr / hr / ar / dm / tc / em / em0-em18；Host Link 存储区：cio / lr / hr / ar / dm；MEWTOCOL 存储区：dt / ld / fl / x / y / r / l |
db | Siemens S7 DB 块号，仅 area: "db" 使用 |
dataType | S7 数据类型：bool / byte / word / dword / int / dint / real；FINS / Host Link / MEWTOCOL 数据类型：bit / word / int16 / uint32 / int32 / real；EtherNet/IP 数据类型：bool / sint / int / dint / lint / usint / uint / udint / ulint / real / lreal；DL/T 645 数据类型：bcd / raw；IEC104 数据类型：single-point / normalized / scaled / short-float；MQTT 数据类型：text / boolean / int32 / int64 / double / bytes；SNMP 数据类型：integer / gauge32 / counter32 / timeticks / text / octet-string / oid / ip-address；OPC UA 数据类型：boolean / int32 / uint32 / int64 / float / double / string / datetime / bytestring |
dataLength | DL/T 645 数据项有效载荷长度，不含 4 字节 DI，默认 4 |
bit | S7 Bool 位偏移 0-7，FINS / Host Link / MEWTOCOL bit 位偏移 0-15，仅位点使用 |
address | 0 基地址；DL/T 645 中表示四字节数据项 DI；IEC104 中表示三字节 IOA；可写数字，也可写十六进制字符串，例如 "0x10" 或 "0x00000000" |
count | 可选，默认 1。Modbus holding / input 点大于 1 时展开为连续数组点，例如 cellVoltage01、cellVoltage02 |
scale | 可选，寄存器、MC 字软元件、S7 / FINS / Host Link / MEWTOCOL 数值、EtherNet/IP 数值标签、DL/T 645 BCD 原始整数、IEC104 数值线值、SNMP 数值或 OPC UA 数值乘以该系数，结果为 double |
lowAlarmLimit | 可选，低报阈值，仅数值点支持，按换算后的值判断 |
highAlarmLimit | 可选，高报阈值，仅数值点支持，按换算后的值判断 |
group | 可选，业务分组，例如 cellVoltage。会进入 PointDefinition.Group 和 PointAlarmRecord.Group |
index | 可选，业务分组内序号，例如第 3 串电芯填 3。会进入 PointDefinition.Index 和 PointAlarmRecord.Index |
tags | 可选，业务标签对象，例如 { "rack": "A" }。会进入 PointDefinition.Tags 和 PointAlarmRecord.Tags |
writable | 可选，默认 false。Modbus 仅 holding / coil 可写；MC 的 D/W/R/ZR/M/Y 可写，X 只读；S7 的 I 区只读；MEWTOCOL 的 X 输入区只读；FINS / Host Link 按 PLC 对具体内存区的权限执行；EtherNet/IP 按 PLC 标签权限执行；DL/T 645 按表计写数据权限执行；IEC104 使用命令/设点写回；SNMP 按 Agent 的 write community 和 MIB 权限执行；OPC UA 按 Server 节点写权限执行 |
哪些修改会热更新
默认 AddJsonFile(path, watch: true) 会监视文件变化。保存后走 ReloadAsync：采集间隔、重连选项立即写入运行中的选项单例；通道与设备按差异增删或重建。
| 修改内容 | 是否立即生效 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
acquisition.intervalMilliseconds | 是 | 下一轮采集使用新间隔 |
acquisition.pollImmediately | 是 | 写入选项；只影响下一次从停止恢复后的首轮 |
reconnect.* | 是 | 下一轮退避使用新参数 |
channels[].startup / channels[].options | 是 | 通道启动策略或扩展选项变化会重建同名通道 |
| COM 口、波特率、TCP/UDP 地址 | 是 | 关闭旧通道并登记新实例 |
| 增删通道 / 设备 / 点 | 是 | 按名称差异同步 |
devices[].options / points[].options | 是 | 扩展选项变化会重建设备，确保协议插件重新读取参数 |
从站地址 unitId、DL/T 645 meterAddress 或 IEC104 commonAddress | 是 | 重建该设备 |
通道参数变更会得到新的通道实例。原先挂在旧实例上的 DataReceived / StateChanged / PacketTraced 订阅会迁到同名新通道。业务代码如果保存了旧的 IChannel 引用，请在热更新后重新 Channels.Get。
如果 JSON 语法错误，Zeus 会继续使用上一份有效配置，并在日志里记录错误。不想依赖文件监视时，可手动调用 await app.ReloadAsync(path)。只改采集间隔、拓扑不变时，同样走 ReloadAsync，设备实例会保留。
手动调用 ReloadAsync(path, cancellationToken) 时，如果传入的令牌已经取消，Zeus 会直接按取消返回，不会先写入新的采集间隔、重连选项或拓扑变更。热更新中途失败时会尽量恢复到上一份有效拓扑；如果只是 JSON 语法错误，文件监视器会记录警告并沿用当前配置。
可选的重连段：
"reconnect": {
"enabled": true,
"initialDelayMilliseconds": 1000,
"maxDelayMilliseconds": 30000,
"backoffMultiplier": 2,
"maxAttempts": 0,
"jitterRatio": 0.2,
"circuitBreakMilliseconds": 0
}
maxAttempts: 0 表示不限次数；大于 0 时达到上限后停止重连，或在 circuitBreakMilliseconds 大于 0 时先进入熔断等待再重新开始。jitterRatio 用于错开多通道同时故障后的重连峰值，现场多设备同网段建议设置为 0.1 到 0.3。
复制到输出目录
如果你把 zeus.json 放在项目里，建议在 .csproj 中设置复制：
<ItemGroup>
<None Include="zeus.json" CopyToOutputDirectory="PreserveNewest" />
</ItemGroup>
否则运行目录可能找不到配置文件。
常见问题
| 现象 | 原因 | 处理 |
|---|---|---|
| 找不到配置文件 | 工作目录不是配置所在目录 | 看异常里的绝对路径，或设置复制到输出目录 |
channel 未在 channels 中声明 | 设备引用了不存在的通道名 | 先写 channels，再写 devices |
| 改了 COM 口后手里的通道引用失效 | 通道被重建，旧实例已关闭 | 事件订阅会自动迁移；保存的 IChannel 请重新 Channels.Get |
| 改了采集间隔没生效 | JSON 语法错误或文件没被监视 | 看日志，确认 watch: true |
| 地址读不对 | address 没按 0 基写 | 对照 Modbus 地址换算 |
可运行示例：samples/Zeus.Samples.Console.Config。Modbus ASCII 可直接复制 zeus-modbus-ascii.json，DL/T 645 可复制 zeus-dlt645.json，IEC104 可复制 zeus-iec104.json，OPC UA 可复制 zeus-opcua.json。